Step By Step: Install and setup Oracle 10g R2 RAC on Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 (32 bit).

By Bhavin Hingu

 

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This document shows the step by step process of installing and setting up 3-node Oracle 10gR2 RAC. This setup uses openfiler as a Shared Storage Solution.

 

Hardware Used in setting up 3-node 10g R2 RAC using iSCSI SAN (Openfiler):

 

·         Total Machines: 4 (3 for RAC nodes + 1 for NAS)

·         Network Switches: 3 (for Public, Private and Shared Storage)

·         Extra Network Adaptors: 7 (6 for RAC nodes (2 for each node) and one for Storage Server)

·         Network cables: 10 (9 for RAC nodes (3 for each node) and one for Shared Storage)

·         External USB HD: 1 (1 TB)

 

Machines Specifications:

DELL OPTIPLEX GX620

CPU: Intel 3800MHz 

RAM: 4084MB 

HD: 250GB

DVD, 10/100 NIC, 8 MB VRAM

 

                Network Adaptor Specifications:                             

                                Linksys EG1032 Instant Gigabit Network Adapter             

                Network Switch Specifications:

                                D-Link 24-Port Rackmountable Gigabit Switch

                Network Cables Specifications:

                                25-Foot Cat6 Snagless Patch Cable – (Blue, Black and Grey)

 

Software Used for the 3-node RAC Setup using NAS (Openfiler):

 

·         NAS Storage Solution: Openfiler 2.3 (2.6.26.8-1.0.11.smp.pae.gcc3.4.x86.i686)

·         Operating System: Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 (2.6.18-194.el5PAE)

·         Clusterware: Oracle 10g R2 (10.2.0.1)

·         Oracle RAC: Oracle RDBMS 10g R2 (10.2.0.1)

 

3-Node RAC Setup

 

Operating System: Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 (2.6.18-194.el5PAE):

Server: All the RAC Nodes

 

Oracle Clusterware:

Server: All the RAC Nodes

ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/crs

Owner: oracle (Primary Group: oinstall, Secondary Group:  dba)

Permissions: 775

OCR/Voting Disk Storage Type: Raw Devices

Oracle Inventory Location: /u01/app/oraInventory

               

Oracle Database Software (RAC 10.2.0.1) for ASM_HOME:

 

Server: All the RAC Nodes

ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/asm

Owner: oracle (Primary Group: oinstall, Secondary Group:  dba)

Permissions: 775

Oracle Inventory Location: /u01/app/oraInventory

Listener: LISTENER (TCP:1521)

 

Oracle Database Software (RAC 10.2.0.1) for DB_HOME:

 

Server: All the RAC Nodes

ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/db

Owner: oracle (Primary Group: oinstall, Secondary Group:  dba)

Permissions: 775

Oracle Inventory Location: /u01/app/oraInventory

 

Database Name: labdb

Listener: LAB_LISTENER (TCP:1530)

 

Openfiler 2.3:

Server: single dedicated server acting as NAS.

OS: Openfiler 2.3 (2.6.26.8-1.0.11.smp.pae.gcc3.4.x86.i686).

 

3-Node RAC Architecture:

 

Machine

Public Name

Private  Name

VIP Name

RAC Node1

node1.hingu.net

node1-prv

node1-vip.hingu.net

RAC Node2

node2.hingu.net

node2-prv

node2-vip.hingu.net

RAC Node3

node3.hingu.net

node3-prv

node3-vip.hingu.net

Storage

nas-server

N/A

N/A

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cluster Name: lab

Public Network: 192.168.2.0/eth2

Private network (cluster Interconnect): 192.168.0.0/eth0

Private network (Storage Network): 192.168.1.0/eth1

 

Machine

Public IP

Private IP

VIP

Storage IP

RAC Node1

192.168.2.1

192.168.0.1

192.168.2.51

192.168.1.1

RAC Node2

192.168.2.2

192.168.0.2

192.168.2.52

192.168.1.2

RAC Node3

192.168.2.3

192.168.0.3

192.168.2.53

192.168.1.3

Storage

N/A

N/A

N/A

192.168.1.101

 

 

 

 

 

3_node_RAC_diagram.jpg

 

 

This setup is divided into below 2 main categories:

 

·         Pre-installation task.

·         Installation of Oracle 10g R2 Clusterware (10.2.0.1), 10gR2 RAC for ASM_HOME, 10gR2 RAC for DB HOME and Create RAC Database.

 

Pre-installation task:

 

Server Hardware requirements

Hardware Used in this exercise to setup 3-Node RAC

Software Requirement.

3-Node 10g R2 RAC Architecture/Setup

Installation of Oracle Enterprise Linux 5

Installation of Openfiler 2.3

Linux Package Requirement

Network Setup

Creating Oracle Software owners/Groups/Permissions/HOMEs

Installation of cvuqdisk Package

Setup Oracle Software Owner’s Environment

Setting up SSH equivalency for Oracle Software Owners

Configure Shared Storage iSCSI disks using openfiler

Configure the iSCSI disk Devices for OCR and Voting Disks

Configure the iSCSI disk Devices for Oracle ASM with ASMLib

 

 

Server Hardware Requirements:

 

·         Each node in the Cluster must meet the below requirement.

·         At least 1024 x 768 display resolution, so that OUI displays correctly.

·         1 GB of space in the /tmp directory

·         5.5 GB space for Oracle Clusterware Home.

·         At least 2.5 GB of RAM and equivalent swap space (for 32 bit installation as in my case).

·         All the RAC nodes must share the same Instruction Set Architecture. For a testing RAC setup, it is possible to install RAC on servers with mixtures of Intel 32 and AMD 32 with differences in sizes of Memory/CPU speed.

 

Installation of OEL5.5 (On All the RAC Nodes):

The below selection was made during the installation of OEL5 on the Node 1 (node1.hingu.net). The same process was followed to install RHEL 5 on all the remaining RAC nodes The Hostname/IP information was appropriately chosen for respective nodes from the Architecture diagram.

 

Insert Installation Media #1:

Testing the CD Media: Skip

Language: English

Key Board: U.S. English

Partition Option: “Remove all Partitions on selected drives and create default layout”

Boot Loader: “ The GRUB boot loader will be installed on /dev/sda”

 

Network Devices:

 

Active on Boot

Devices

IPV4.Netmask

IPV6/Prefix

 

 

 

 

Yes

eth0

192.168.0.1/255.255.255.0

Auto

Yes

eth1

192.168.1.1/255.255.255.0

Auto

Yes

eth2

192.168.2.1/255.255.255.0

Auto

 

Hostname ŕ Manually ŕ node1.hingu.net

Ignore both the Warning Messages at this point

Region: America/New York

System Clock Uses UTC (checked)

Root Password ŕ Enter the root password

Additional Tasks On top of Default Installation:  “Checked all Software Development” and “Web Server”

Customize Now (Selected)

 (Below is the extra selection on top of the default selected packages)

Applications ŕ Authoring and Publishing (checked)

Development ŕ Development Libraries ŕ

libstdc++44-devel

Development ŕ Java Development

Development ŕ Legacy Software Development

Servers ŕ Checked All the servers

Servers ŕ Legacy Network Server ŕ

bootparamd, rsh-server, rusers, rusers-server, telnet-server

Servers ŕ Network Servers ŕ

dhcp, dhcpv6, dnsmasq, ypserv

Servers ŕ Servers Configuration Tools ŕ

Checked All

Base System ŕAdministration Tools ŕ

Checked All

Base System ŕ Base ŕ

device-mapper-multipath, iscsi-initiator-utils,

Base System ŕ Legacy Software Support ŕ

openmotif22

Base System ŕ System Tools ŕ

OpenIPMI-gui, lsscsi, oracle*, sysstat, tsclient

 

Post Installation Steps:

(1)    Yes to License Agreement.

(2)    Disable the firewall

(3)    Disable SELinux

(4)    Disable kdump

(5)    Set the clock

(6)    Finish

 

Installation of openfiler 2.3

 

Version: Openfiler V 2.3 (downloaded from here)

This Install guide was followed to install Openfiler with below values of Hostname and IP.

 

HOSTNAME: nas-server

Network:

NAS IP:      192.168.1.101

NETMASK: 255.255.255.0

 

Post installation Steps:

 

·         Disabled the Firewall using system-config-securitylevel-tui

·         Changed the password of the openfiler user (default is password)

·         Connected to the nas-server using: https://192.168.1.101:446/ link.

·         Registered the cluster nodes in the “Network Access Configuration” under the “System” tab.

·         ‘Enable” all the services shown under the ‘Service” tab

 

System Setup Screen

 

openfiler_01.jpg

 

Minimum Required RPMs for OEL 5.5 (All the 3 RAC Nodes):

 

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61

elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125

gcc-4.1.1-52

gcc-c++-4.1.1-52

glibc-2.5-12

glibc-common-2.5-12

glibc-devel-2.5-12

glibc-headers-2.5-12

libaio-0.3.106

libaio-devel-0.3.106

libgcc-4.1.1-52

libstdc++-4.1.1

libstdc++-devel-4.1.1-52.e15

make-3.81-1.1

sysstat-7.0.0

unixODBC-2.2.11

unixODBC-devel-2.2.11

libXp-1.0.0-8

 

Below command verifies whether the specified rpms are installed or not. Any missing rpms can be installed from the OEL Media Pack

 

rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel \

              gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel \

              libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel libXp

 

I had to install below extra RPMs.

 

oracleasmlib ŕ Available  here (one for RHEL compatible)

cvuqdisk ŕ Available on Clusterware Media (under rpm folder)

 

[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ivh numactl-devel-0.9.8-11.el5.i386.rpm

warning: numactl-devel-0.9.8-11.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:numactl-devel          ########################################### [100%]

[root@node1 ~]#

 

[root@node1 rpms]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm

warning: oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:oracleasmlib           ########################################### [100%]

 

 

Network Configuration for RAC Nodes/NAS Server:

 

Public, VIPs and SCAN VIPs are resolved by DNS. The private IPs for Cluster Interconnects are resolved through /etc/hosts. The hostname along with public/private and NAS network is configured at the time of OEL network installations. The final Network Configurations files are listed here.

 

(a)    hostname:

 

For Node node1:

[root@node1 ~]# hostname node1.hingu.net

 

       node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=yes

HOSTNAME=node1.hingu.net

 

For Node node2:

[root@node2 ~]# hostname node2.hingu.net

 

       node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=yes

HOSTNAME=node2.hingu.net

 

For Node node3:

[root@node3 ~]# hostname node3.hingu.net

 

        node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=yes

HOSTNAME=node3.hingu.net

 

For Node nas-server:

[root@nas-server ~]# hostname nas-server

 

        nas-server: /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

HOSTNAME=nas-server

 

 

(b)   Private Network for Cluster Interconnect:

 

node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.0.255

HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:60

IPADDR=192.168.0.1

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.0.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.0.255

HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:4B

IPADDR=192.168.0.2

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.0.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.0.255

HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:49

IPADDR=192.168.0.3

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.0.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

(c)    Public Network:

 

node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2

# Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express

DEVICE=eth2

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.2.255

HWADDR=00:18:8B:04:6A:62

IPADDR=192.168.2.1

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.2.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2

# Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express

DEVICE=eth2

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.2.255

HWADDR=00:18:8B:24:F8:58

IPADDR=192.168.2.2

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.2.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2

# Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express

DEVICE=eth2

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.2.255

HWADDR=00:19:B9:0C:E6:EF

IPADDR=192.168.2.3

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.2.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

 

(d)   Private Network for Shared Storage:

 

node1.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter

DEVICE=eth1

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:60

IPADDR=192.168.1.1

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.1.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

node2.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter

DEVICE=eth1

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:45:13

IPADDR=192.168.1.2

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.1.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

node3.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

# Linksys Gigabit Network Adapter

DEVICE=eth1

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:4E:48

IPADDR=192.168.1.3

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.1.0

ONBOOT=yes

 

 

nas-server.hingu.net: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

DEVICE=eth1

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:43:D6

IPADDR=192.168.1.101

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.1.0

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=Ethernet

 

(e)   /etc/hosts files:

 

node1.hingu.net: /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1            localhost.localdomain localhost

::1           localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

 

##=======================================

# Pulic Network

##=======================================

 

192.168.2.1             node1.hingu.net  node1

192.168.2.2             node2.hingu.net  node2

192.168.2.3             node3.hingu.net  node3

 

 

##=======================================

# VIPs

##=======================================

 

192.168.2.51             node1-vip.hingu.net node1-vip

192.168.2.52             node2-vip.hingu.net node2-vip

192.168.2.53             node3-vip.hingu.net node3-vip

 

##=======================================

# Private Network for Cluster Interconnect

##=======================================

 

192.168.0.1             node1-prv

192.168.0.2             node2-prv

192.168.0.3             node3-prv

 

##=======================================

##=======================================

 

node2.hingu.net: /etc/hosts

# # Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1            localhost.localdomain localhost

::1           localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

 

##=======================================

# Pulic Network

##=======================================

 

192.168.2.1             node1.hingu.net  node1

192.168.2.2             node2.hingu.net  node2

192.168.2.3             node3.hingu.net  node3

 

 

##=======================================

# VIPs

##=======================================

 

192.168.2.51             node1-vip.hingu.net node1-vip

192.168.2.52             node2-vip.hingu.net node2-vip

192.168.2.53             node3-vip.hingu.net node3-vip

 

##=======================================

# Private Network for Cluster Interconnect

##=======================================

 

192.168.0.1             node1-prv

192.168.0.2             node2-prv

192.168.0.3             node3-prv

 

##=======================================

##=======================================

 

 

node3.hingu.net: /etc/hosts

# # Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1            localhost.localdomain localhost

::1           localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

 

 

##=======================================

# Pulic Network

##=======================================

 

192.168.2.1             node1.hingu.net  node1

192.168.2.2             node2.hingu.net  node2

192.168.2.3             node3.hingu.net  node3

 

 

##=======================================

# VIPs

##=======================================

 

192.168.2.51             node1-vip.hingu.net node1-vip

192.168.2.52             node2-vip.hingu.net node2-vip

192.168.2.53             node3-vip.hingu.net node3-vip

 

##=======================================

# Private Network for Cluster Interconnect

##=======================================

 

192.168.0.1             node1-prv

192.168.0.2             node2-prv

192.168.0.3             node3-prv

 

##=======================================

##=======================================

 

 

Creating Oracle Users/Groups/Permissions and Installation Paths: (On all the RAC Nodes):

 

userdel oracle

groupdel oinstall

groupdel dba

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1031 dba

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown –R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01

passwd oracle

 

Install cvuqdisk Package: (On all the RAC Nodes):

 

This package is located in the rpm directory on Clusterware Media and needs to be installed after the group oinstall is created. In my case, as this was a fresh install of 10g R2 on a new machines, old versions of cvuqdisk was not present. If it is, then the older version needs to be removed first.

 

export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall

echo $CVUQDISK

rpm –ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.1-1.rpm

 

[root@node1 rpm]# pwd

/home/oracle/10gr2/clusterware/rpm

[root@node1 rpm]# export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall

[root@node1 rpm]# echo $CVUQDISK_GRP

oinstall

[root@node1 rpm]# rpm -ivh rpm –ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.1-1.rpm

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:cvuqdisk               ########################################### [100%]

[root@node1 rpm]# rpm -qa | grep cvuqdisk

cvuqdisk-1.0.1-1

[root@node1 rpm]#

 

 

Configure Oracle RAC Owner’s User Environment (oracle):

 

(a)    Set the umask to 022 by putting below line into the oracle’s .bash_profile file:

 

umask 022

 

Then, executed the .bash_profile and verified that the correct value of umask is displayed.

 

[orale@node1 ~]$ . .bash_profile

[oracle@node1 ~]$ umask

 

(b)   Setting up X11 forwarding:

 

Created the file ~/.ssh/config to disable the X11Forwadding by placing below line in it.

 

Host *

ForwardX11 no

 

(c)    Suppressed the Terminal output on STDOUT and STDERR to prevent Installation errors:

 

Modified the file ~/.bashrc (or .cshrc for C shell) with below entry.

 

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

 

if [ -t 0 ]; then

stty intr ^C

fi

 

C shell:

 

test -t 0

if ($status == 0) then

stty intr ^C

endif

 

(d)   Increased the Shell Limits:

Recommended:

 

Resource

Soft Limit

Hard Limit

Processes

2047

16384

Open File Descriptors

1024

65536

Stack

10240

10240  - 32768

 

Set:

 

Resource

Soft Limit

Hard Limit

Processes

131072

131072

Open File Descriptors

131072

131072

Stack

32768

32768

 

Added the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:

 

oracle   soft   nofile    131072

oracle   hard   nofile    131072

oracle   soft   nproc    131072

oracle   hard   nproc    131072

oracle   soft   core    unlimited

oracle   hard   core    unlimited

oracle   soft   memlock    3500000

oracle   hard   memlock    3500000

# Recommended stack hard limit 32MB for oracle installations

# oracle   hard   stack    32768

 

Added the following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:

 

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

 

For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell,  add the following lines to the /etc/profile:

 

        if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

           if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

              ulimit -p 131072

              ulimit -n 131072

           else

              ulimit -u 131072 -n 131072

           fi

        fi

 

 

For the C shell (csh or tcsh), add the following lines to the /etc/csh.login.

 

       if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then

          limit maxproc 131072

          limit descriptors 131072

       endif

 

 

(e)   Set the below Kernel Parameters with recommended range in /etc/sysctl.conf. This was already set with the installation of oracle-validated package. I had to uncomment the lines related to 10g parameters and comment the same parameters for 11g. After the modification, ran the sysctl –p to enable the changes..

 

/etc/sysctl.conf

 

# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Oracle Enterprise Linux

#

# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and

# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.

 

# Controls IP packet forwarding

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

 

# Controls source route verification

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

 

# Do not accept source routing

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

 

# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel

kernel.sysrq = 1

 

# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename

# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

 

# Controls the use of TCP syncookies

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

 

# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

 

# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue

kernel.msgmax = 8192

 

# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

 

# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages

kernel.shmall = 1073741824

# For 11g, recommended value for file-max is 6815744

#fs.file-max = 6815744

# For 10g, uncomment 'fs.file-max 327679', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p

 fs.file-max = 327679

kernel.msgmni = 2878

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142

kernel.shmmni = 4096

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

# For 11g, recommended value for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304

#net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.rmem_max 2097152', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p

 net.core.rmem_max=2097152

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

# For 11g, recommended value for wmem_max is 1048576

#net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.wmem_max 262144', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p

 net.core.wmem_max = 262144

fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728

# For 11g, recommended value for ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500

#net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

# For 10g, uncomment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range 1024 65000', comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p

 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

# Added min_free_kbytes 50MB to avoid OOM killer on EL4/EL5

vm.min_free_kbytes = 51200

 

(f)     Repeated this process for all the remaining nodes in the cluster.

 

SSH user Equivalency configuration (for oracle):

 

On All the Cluster Nodes:

 

su - oracle

mkdir ~/.ssh

chmod 700 ~/.ssh

 

Generate the RSA and DSA keys:

 

/usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t rsa

/usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsa

 

On node1:

 

touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

cd ~/.ssh

 

(a)    Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file.

 

cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys

 

(b)   Send this file to node2.

 

scp authorized_keys node2:.ssh/

 

On node2:

 

(a)    Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file.

 

cd ~/.ssh

cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys

 

(b)   Send this file to node3.

 

scp authorized_keys node3:.ssh/

On node3:

 

(a)    Add these Keys to the Authorized_keys file.

 

cd ~/.ssh

cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys

 

(b)   Send this file to node1 and node2.

 

scp authorized_keys node1:.ssh/

scp authorized_keys node2:.ssh/

 

On All the Nodes:

 

chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

 

ssh node1 date

ssh node2 date

ssh node3 date

ssh node1.hingu.net date

ssh node2.hingu.net date

ssh node3.hingu.net date

ssh node1-prv date

ssh node2-prv date

ssh node3-prv date

 

Entered 'yes' and continued when prompted

 

Configure the Shared Storage for 10g R2 Clusterware and RAC Database:

 

Volume Group: grid

Physical Volume: /dev/sda5 (1st extended partition on the last physical partition of local disk /dev/sda nas-server)

Logical Volumes:

asmdisk02, asmdisk03 ß For ASM Disk (1 for FRA and the other for DATA respectively)

ocrdisk01, ocrdisk02  ß for OCR disks (1 gb each)

votingdisk01, votingdisk02, votingdisk03 ß for Voting Disks (1 gb each)

 

a)      Connect to the nas-server using: https://192.168.1.101:446 using openfiler<password>

b)      Create the Volume group “grid” and created the two logical volumes asmdisk01 and asmdisk02 for ASM.

c)       Assign iSCSI targets to these LUNs so that they can be discovered by the clients (cluster nodes node1, node2 and node3)

 

Here is the process I followed to create the 3rd logical volume called asmdisk03.

 

Steps to Create 2nd  volume asmdisk03 of size 25GB.

 

(1)    Clicked on ‘Add Volumes” link under the “Volumes” tab.

(2)    Filled the appropriate values and press “create”

(3)    The 3rd Volume asmdisk03 was created.

(4)    Assigned the iscsi-target to this newly created volume.

(a)    Clicked on “iSCSI-Targets” line under the “Volumes” tab.

(b)   Under the “Target Configuration” sub tab, entered the Value of asmdisk03 in the “Target IQN” box and then clicked “Add” as shown in the screen.

(c)    Clicked on the “update” on the same screen with all the default values selected.

(d)   Went to the “LUN Mapping” sub tab where the iscsi-target is assigned to the new Logical Volume created (asmdisk03)

(e)   Clicked the “map” for the volume asmdisk03.

(f)     Went to the “Network ACL” tab and allow all the 3 rac nodes to have access on this iscsi-target.

 

(5)    Restarted the iscsi-target on the NAS (service iscsi-target restart)

(6)    Restarted the iscsi service and make it start automatic during the restart of system (On All the RAC Nodes):

 

chkconfig --level 35 iscsi on

service iscsi restart

 

(7)    Manually discovered the new lun and make them discover automatic at every startup of iscsi. This set of commands is required for every luns to be discovered on RAC nodes. Below commands are for asmdisk03. (On All the RAC Nodes):

 

iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.1.101

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:asmdisk03 -p 192.168.1.101 –l

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:asmdisk03 -p 192.168.1.101 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic

 

For all the Voting and OCRs Luns

 

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk01 -p 192.168.1.101 -l

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk01 -p 192.168.1.101 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk02 -p 192.168.1.101 -l

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk02 -p 192.168.1.101 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk03 -p 192.168.1.101 -l

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk03 -p 192.168.1.101 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:ocrdisk01 -p 192.168.1.101 -l

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:ocrdisk02 -p 192.168.1.101 -l

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:ocrdisk01 -p 192.168.1.101 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:ocrdisk02 -p 192.168.1.101 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic

                                                                          

 

Configuration Files:

 

/etc/sysconfig/network (nas-server)

 

NETWORKING=yes

HOSTNAME=nas-server

 

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 (nas-server):

 

DEVICE=eth1

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

HWADDR=00:22:6B:BF:43:D6

IPADDR=192.168.1.101

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.1.0

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=Ethernet

 

 

/etc/rc.local (nas-server)

 

vgchange -ay

service iscsi-target restart

 

The screenshots of the above process:

 

openfiler_04.jpg

 

The 3rd Volume created.

 

openfiler_05.jpg

 

Assigning the iSCSI Target iqn to lun asmdisk03.

 

openfiler_06.jpg

 

 

openfiler_07.jpg

 

 

openfiler_08.jpg

 

 

 

openfiler_09.jpg

 

openfiler_10.jpg

Partition the scsi disks (RAC Nodes):

 

(a)    Partition all the scsi disks from one of the RAC nodes to contain each disk a single partition using fdisk.

 

[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdg

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

 

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

 

Command (m for help): p

 

Disk /dev/sdg: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2074 * 512 = 1061888 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

 

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1  

First cylinder (1-1011, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1011, default 1011):

Using default value 1011

 

Command (m for help): p

 

Disk /dev/sdg: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2074 * 512 = 1061888 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdg1               1        1011     1048376+  83  Linux

 

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

 

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

 

After Partitioning all the scsi disks, the final partition table looks like below in my case.

 

[root@node1 10g_files]# fdisk -l

 

Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160000000000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19452 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14       19452   156143767+  8e  Linux LVM

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2074 * 512 = 1061888 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1        1011     1048376+  83  Linux

 

Disk /dev/sdd: 10.5 GB, 10502537216 bytes

64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 10016 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdd1               1       10016    10256368   83  Linux

 

Disk /dev/sdf: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2074 * 512 = 1061888 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdf1               1        1011     1048376+  83  Linux

 

Disk /dev/sde: 20.9 GB, 20971520000 bytes

64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20000 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sde1               1       20000    20479984   83  Linux

 

Disk /dev/sdc: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2074 * 512 = 1061888 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdc1               1        1011     1048376+  83  Linux

 

Disk /dev/sdg: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2074 * 512 = 1061888 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdg1               1        1011     1048376+  83  Linux

 

Disk /dev/sdh: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2074 * 512 = 1061888 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdh1               1        1011     1048376+  83  Linux

 

 

(b)   Refreshed the kernel on the remaining nodes with the latest partition table using partprobe.

 

[root@node1 ~]# partprobe

 

Configure the iSCSI Disk Device for OCR and Voting Disks (on All the RAC Nodes):

 

(a)    Placed the below line in the /etc/scsi_id.config

 

options=-g

 

(b)   Got the scsi disk mappings. (from one of the RAC nodes)

 

[root@node1 ~]# ls -la /dev/disk/by-path/ | grep openfiler | awk '{ print $9 $10 $11 }'

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:datadisk01-lun-0->../../sde

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:datadisk01-lun-0-part1->../../sde1

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:fradisk01-lun-0->../../sdd

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:fradisk01-lun-0-part1->../../sdd1

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:ocrdisk01-lun-0->../../sdg

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:ocrdisk01-lun-0-part1->../../sdg1

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:ocrdisk02-lun-0->../../sdh

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:ocrdisk02-lun-0-part1->../../sdh1

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk01-lun-0->../../sdc

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk01-lun-0-part1->../../sdc1

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk02-lun-0->../../sdb

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk02-lun-0-part1->../../sdb1

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk03-lun-0->../../sdf

ip-192.168.1.101:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:votingdisk03-lun-0-part1->../../sdf1

 

(c)    Got SCSI IDs for all the OCRs and Voting Disks using scsi_id.

 

[root@node1 ~]# scsi_id -g -s /block/sdg/sdg1

14f504e46494c450073564b3158472d7943766d2d4c736459

[root@node1 ~]# scsi_id -g -s /block/sdh/sdh1

14f504e46494c4500786839656e792d75704b422d545a6e70

[root@node1 ~]#

[root@node1 ~]# scsi_id -g -s /block/sdc/sdc1

14f504e46494c45004d74494743652d384176312d5776594d

[root@node1 ~]# scsi_id -g -s /block/sdb/sdb1

14f504e46494c45007132726b4d4d2d6274616f2d33753456

[root@node1 ~]# scsi_id -g -s /block/sdf/sdf1

14f504e46494c450046305855714e2d324956712d674f4132

[root@node1 ~]#

 

(d)   Created the file /etc/udev/rules.d/99-crs.rules to label the scsi devices with the appropriate name so that after reboot of machine their name remain persistent every time.

 

KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -s %p", RESULT=="14f504e46494c450073564b3158472d7943766d2d4c736459" , NAME="ocrdisk01", OWNER="root", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0640"

KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -s %p", RESULT=="14f504e46494c4500786839656e792d75704b422d545a6e70" , NAME="ocrdisk02", OWNER="root", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0640"

KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -s %p", RESULT=="14f504e46494c45004d74494743652d384176312d5776594d" , NAME="votingdisk01", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0640"

KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -s %p", RESULT=="14f504e46494c45007132726b4d4d2d6274616f2d33753456" , NAME="votingdisk02", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0640"

KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -s %p", RESULT=="14f504e46494c450046305855714e2d324956712d674f4132" , NAME="votingdisk03", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0640"

 

 

(e)   Reloaded the udev rules and started the udev services to make the changes effective.

 

udevcontrol reload_rules

start_udev

 

(f)     Verified that these disks now labeled appropriately

 

udev_final.JPG

 

(g)   Created the Raw Bindings for OCR and Voting Devices (On All the RAC Nodes).

 

Placed the below lines into the /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices

 

# raw device bindings

# format:  <rawdev> <major> <minor>

#          <rawdev> <blockdev>

# example: /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sda1

#          /dev/raw/raw2 8 5

 

/dev/raw/raw1 /dev/ocrdisk01

/dev/raw/raw2 /dev/ocrdisk02

 

/dev/raw/raw3 /dev/votingdisk01

/dev/raw/raw4 /dev/votingdisk02

/dev/raw/raw5 /dev/votingdisk03

 

Change the permissions and ownership of the raw devices as shown below.

 

chown root:oinstall /dev/raw/raw1

chown root:oinstall /dev/raw/raw2

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw3

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw4

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw5

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw1

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw2

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw3

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw4

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw5

 

Restart the service rawdevices on all the nodes.

 

service rawdevices restart

 

Because the ownerships and permissions on the raw devices get reset to root on every reboot, the above lines were placed into /etc/rc.local to set the permissions back to oracle user after the reboot. (ON all the RAC Nodes):

 

/etc/rc.local:

 

[root@node1 sysconfig]# cat /etc/rc.local

#!/bin/sh

#

# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.

# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't

# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.

 

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

 

chown root:oinstall /dev/raw/raw1

chown root:oinstall /dev/raw/raw2

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw3

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw4

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw5

 

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw1

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw2

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw3

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw4

chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw5

 

 

Configure the iSCSI disk Devices for Oracle ASM with ASMLib:

 

(a)    Verified that the below RPMs are installed before configuring the ASM driver.

 

oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5

oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5

oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5xen-2.0.5-1.el5

oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5PAE-2.0.5-1.el5

oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5debug-2.0.5-1.el5

oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5

 

(b)    Configured the ASMLib (All the RAC nodes):

Provide the oracleasm owner “oracle” and group “oinstall” while configuring the oracleasm.

 

oracleasm configure –i

 

 

(e)   Loaded the ASMLib Module (All the RAC nodes):

 

[root@node1 ~]# oracleasm init

 

(f)     Created the ASM disks using oracleasm: (ONLY from one of the RAC nodes)

 

oracleasm createdisk DATADSK01 /dev/sdd1

oracleasm createdisk FRADSK02 /dev/sde1

oracleasm scandisks

oracleasm listdisks

 

      

(g)    On the Remaining RAC nodes, simply scanned the ASM disks to instantiate these newly created disks

 

oracleasm scandisks

oracleasm listdisks

 

(h)   Verified that these ASM disk can be discovered by ASM Libraries (oracleasmlib) on all the RAC Nodes during Creation of ASM Disks.

Connected as “oracle” user and ran the below command

 

/usr/sbin/oracleasm-discover 'ORCL:*'

 

[oracle@node1 ~]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm-discover 'ORCL:*'

Using ASMLib from /opt/oracle/extapi/32/asm/orcl/1/libasm.so

[ASM Library - Generic Linux, version 2.0.4 (KABI_V2)]

Discovered disk: ORCL:DATADSK01 [40959968 blocks (20971503616 bytes), maxio 512]

Discovered disk: ORCL:FRADSK01 [20512736 blocks (10502520832 bytes), maxio 512]

[oracle@node1 ~]#

 

 

With this, the pre-Installation steps are completed successfully and are ready to install 10g R2 Clusterware software Next.

 

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